11. Kafka:
Score: 4
Qualitative Assessment: Needs Improvement
Description: Varun mentioned Kafka but did not provide detailed experiences or knowledge of implementing Kafka in projects.

12. MQTT/HTTP protocols:
Score: 4
Qualitative Assessment: Needs Improvement
Description: Varun's understanding of MQTT and HTTP protocols in device-to-cloud communication was basic and lacked specific examples.

13. Real-time data processing:
Score: 4
Qualitative Assessment: Needs Improvement
Description: Varun's response did not demonstrate a strong grasp of real-time data processing techniques or optimization strategies.

14. Data pipeline development:
Score: 4
Qualitative Assessment: Needs Improvement
Description: Varun's description of data pipeline development was vague and did not reflect a deep understanding of the process.

15. Microsoft Azure/GCP:
Score: 4
Qualitative Assessment: Needs Improvement
Description: Varun's experience with Azure or GCP was not clearly articulated, and he did not provide examples of overcoming challenges with these platforms.