Optimizing system performance and resource usage in Android, particularly in terms of battery life and memory management, involves several effective strategies and best practices:

1. **Battery Optimization**:
   - **Minimize Wake Locks**: Use partial wake locks instead of full wake locks to prevent the device from staying awake unnecessarily.
   - **Efficient Background Processing**: Utilize JobScheduler, WorkManager, and foreground services for long-running tasks to manage background processes effectively.
   - **Optimize Network Usage**: Batch network requests and use efficient data formats like JSON. Implement Firebase Cloud Messaging for push notifications to reduce the need for frequent polling.
   - **Adaptive Battery**: Take advantage of Android's adaptive battery feature to prioritize battery usage for frequently used apps.

2. **Memory Management**:
   - **Avoid Memory Leaks**: Use Android Studio Profiler to identify and resolve memory leaks. Implement best practices such as recycling bitmaps and using weak references where appropriate.
   - **Efficient Object Management**: Utilize reusable objects and avoid creating unnecessary instances to lessen the burden on the garbage collector.
   - **Optimize UI Rendering**: Simplify layouts and avoid overdraw. Use background threads and coroutines for long-running tasks to keep the main thread responsive.
   - **Performance Testing**: Regularly conduct memory and performance testing using tools like Android Profiler to monitor RAM usage, garbage collection events, and overall system performance.

By following these practices, we can significantly enhance battery life and ensure efficient memory management, leading to a smoother and more responsive user experience.